Informatics Publishing Limited

Ramprasath Ramakrishnan ¹, Jolius Gimbun ¹, Fahmi Samsuri ², Vigneswaran Narayanamurthy ², Natarajan Gajendran ³, Yamini Sudha Lakshmi ⁴, Denisa Stranska ⁵, Balu Ranganathan ⁶

Affiliations
1 University Malaysia Pahang, Gambang Campus, Gambang - 26300, MY
2 University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan campus, Pekan - 26600, MY
3 Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Presidency College, Chennai - 600005, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Chennai - 600113, Tamil Nadu, IN
5 InStar Technologies a.s., Liberec - 46007, Czech Republic
6 Palms Connect Sdn Bhd, Shah Alam - 40460, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Needleless electrospinning technology surmounts the shortcomings and bottlenecks of the conventional needle based electrospinning systems. Spinneret clogging and lower throughput in terms of productivity has been the setbacks of the conventional technology leading to fewer nanofibers based commercial products. Nanofiber based products finds a market in healthcare, energy and defence. Proof of concept leading to lab level prototype scaling up into industrial level of nanofiber production units is the focus of this paper. Methodology/Analysis: A simple search in the scopus web portal with a keyword ‘electrospinning’ resulted in 16,272 publications as of date. Same search for patent in US patent office portal resulted in 1939 granted patent documents. A comparison of years of technology time cycle (110 years), publications (16,272) and granted patents (1939) with the companies (31) working on electrospun products was made. Findings: Bubble, hollow tube, roller, wire based and slit-surface needleless electrospinning units are discussed on the basis of entrepreneurial product cycle of prototype development translating into commercial units. Nanofiber production at a mean diameter of 140 nm at commercial level using Poly (ethylene) oxide for Nano Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) by wire based free surface electrospinning has been analysed. Novelty/Improvements: The analysis proves an entrepreneurial approach in the area of electrospinning as evidenced by number of patents match ups or exceeds publications in some region and also depicts its futuristic demand in several areas including healthcare and energy sectors.

Keywords

needleless elecrospinning; wire based; nanofibers; nano drug delivery systems; nanocarriers;

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Muhideen Abbas Hasan ¹, Fahmi Samsuri ², Kok Beng Gan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, 26600, Pahang, MY
2 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang, 26600, Pahang, IQ
3 Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, MY

Abstract

Objectives:The three-axis accelerometer used to reflect the Motion Artifact (MA) implemented in the Adaptive Noise Cancellation (ANC) technique has failed to provide the required MA for accurate processing. This study investigates the validity of using a Covered Photodetector (CPD) for MA detection to unify the sources of generated desired and MA signals to avoid electronic noise differences. Methods/Statistical Analysis:The two devices were fastened together and exposed to various kinds of motions. The Amplitude Fluctuations (AFs) responding in the time domain and the Linear Correlation Coefficient (r) were observed. Findings:Confirmed the proposed approach validity by pointing a rapprochement in AFs. The calculated r was0.999 in asteady state while in motion states rangesfrom 0.998 to 0.794 according to movement changes. Application/Improvements: Implementing such concept for Photoplethysmography signal processing within ANC leads to a curate critical medical diagnosis at a lower cost.

Keywords

Covered Photodetector, Motion Artifact Reflector, PPG Signal, Three-Axis Acelerometer.

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